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A boy took a mobile phone from one of the girls in his school. He approached her and her group of friends and said, “Give me your phone.” She refused. The boy then raised his voice and said, “Give me your phone or I will stab you with a knife.” She handed her phone to the boy who ran away with it. Which of the following best explains whether the boy is guilty of robbery?

A. He is not guilty of robbery because although he stole the phone and he threatened force to do so, no actual force was used by him to steal it.

B. He is not guilty of robbery because although his intention was to steal the phone and he threatened force to do so, he did not steal the phone because the girl agreed to hand it over.

C. He is not guilty of robbery because although he took the phone and threatened force to do so, he was not dishonest because he did not deceive the girl.

D. He is guilty of robbery because he stole the phone and used a weapon to steal it.

E. He is guilty of robbery because he stole the phone and threatened force immediately before and in order to steal the phone.

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Under the Theft Act 1968, robbery is committed when a person steals and immediately before or at the time of doing so, uses force on any person or puts them in fear of being then and there subjected to force. In this scenario, the boy threatened to stab the girl with a knife to make her hand over her phone, which constitutes the use of force or the threat of force. Therefore, he is guilty of robbery.

Key Point: Robbery involves theft accompanied by the use of force or the threat of force immediately before or at the time of the theft. The boy's actions meet these criteria, making him guilty of robbery.

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